These presidents, who have ruled for periods ranging from two to five decades, have maintained their grip on power through the manipulation of institutions and constitutions.
Wine says the Ugandan government's ban on red berets—a symbol of his People Power movement—is a "sham" intended to quell the opposition and undermine his run for president.
The founder of Sahara Reporters and 2019 presidential candidate, is being held under terrorism laws after attempting to organize a nationwide protest against insecurity.
The artist, who was kidnapped in July, was a close friend of Ugandan opposition leader Bobi Wine and a supporter of the resistance movement, People Power.
The threat of authoritarian rule is rattling the country as demonstrators, calling for an annulment to Sunday's election, were met with live bullets and tear gas.